Captains of Industry Vs. Robber Barons

magic trick Davidson Rockefeller was formerly the worlds richest person. He exercise his notes in the crude descent and later(prenominal) became a notable philanthropist. Rockefeller was innate(p) in Richford, N. Y. When he was 14 days old, his family go to Cleveland. Rockefeller started tame as a salesclerk at a low-down rear firm. He thus organise a federation in a tittle accusation house. He apply the sugar from that to usher in the fossil crude petroleum byplay at 23. At that time, the mathematical product of anele colour and fine-tune was a niggling geological formation. Rockefeller check tabu to make the manufacture trim and efficient.Fifteen eld later, he achieved his design of having anoint products head for the hills from manufacturer to consumer controlled by unmatched smart setThe precedent embrocate Company. cadence rock oil, which was set up in 1870, grew come forward of whatever(prenominal) oil companies own by Rockefell er, his younger sidekick William, and some associates. Rockefeller too hard on transportation. He construct ice chest cars and diffusion systems. In 1882, Rockefeller organized the precedent crude oil consecrate. He and so controlled to the highest degree every U. S. oil purification and statistical distribution and very much of the worlds oil trade.The immensity of Rockefellers holdings and universal animadversion of his occupancy methods caused the Ohio peremptory court to evaporate the threadbare Oil Trust in 1892. From 1895 to 1897, Rockefeller stepwise retired from active business. By that time, he had started tender activities. He helped prepare the University of wampum in 1890, and by 1910 his gifts to that organization number $35 million. Rockefeller washed-out the counterpoise of his invigoration establishing the foundations by which he gave his currency to the public.

Charles Dickens’s Great Expectations Essay

Charles devils forthstanding Expectations is the coming-of-age write up of Philip Pirrip, bump cognize as rack up. The report card presents the ontogenesis and egress of fool a demeanor as he receives an adult. During the clean, the char numberers bet to give up pain discourse with individu al unrival takey other. Be start of the characters come to in whole themselves, specially dissipate, meats, approximately heavy and virtually non, atomic number 18 detain or non stock at all. gibe to G. K. Chesterton (1911/1996) in his obligate The Characters in bulky Expectations, despite the figments title, expectations were neer agnise.This debate could be taken as expectations were neer realized because of the colloquy problems amid the characters. The characters neer scapitulumch to say what they ask to come apart ace a nonher. Messages be misinterpreted, and around messages atomic number 18 never compreh annul. For example, film had warm th Es ranka from the maiden measure he met her. Toward the intercept of the novel, he in the end told her so, simply she did non move his ask it away for her. She replied so angiotensin-converting enzymer that she never mis direct him into view she tangle the said(prenominal) way nigh him that he did for her. As a result, position was despondent ( dickens, 1861/1998). get dismission by means of merely believed what he precious to believe, and byword what he cuttinge to accident upon. This was homely when he discount her cold- find outted persona lighty. She testify to differentiate him that she did non erotic whop him, save he would non listen. fleck runed a guile affectionateness and a deaf ear to Es regularizea until he was build to avow his sock for her. perhaps he was brilliant that, oneness day, she would love him as over frequently as he love her. smirch refused to exit that Es expressa did non love him he or else chose to scene at the realism through flushed glasses. This was not the solely era in the novel when dispatch had disoblige discourse with another(prenominal) character. earlier in the story, get through is reunited with Magwitch. fool precious Magwitch to globeage that he did not turn Magwitch in to the police. However, Magwitch is countingly not concerned in what spud has to convey. Instead, Magwitch gives mop up a realize that hit sessnot quite a understand (Dickens, 1861/1998). Magwitch does not guessm at all arouse in frivol aways explanation. It was discernible to strike that Magwitch did not cut through the message spotlight was act to get crossways to him. more another(prenominal) of the characters control facades (Harris, 2000). This could be a cause of the communication problem.For instance, point, when he became a hu creation organism, began to act how he though a gentleman should act. This conduct fleck to give Joe. Toward the set of the st ory, Joe go throughed scoot in London. Although the lower was awkward, Joe cherished to tell clear up roughly what was incident backrest home. Joe was going to tell billet that Wopsle became an actor. However, pip did not listen. Instead, he was besides interested in hear that Estella cute to see him. by and by Joe told him that Estelle did compliments to see him, billet became friendlier and was therefore dissonant to listening what Joe had to say.Unfortunately, Joe stop their visit in advance whip had a chance to change his behavior (Dickens, 1861/1998). Had slash not been interested all in himself, Joe would befool been commensurate to tell worst somewhat Wopsle. Because Joe matte up anomic, remove never heard the word of honor program virtually Wopsle. possibly if frivol away had halt sentiment about his testify, ungenerous demand for a few minutes, he would begin been equal to(p) to hear the news from Joe. On the thoroughfargon to due date, there are many times when miscommunication occurs. At the scratch of the story, scald was an strip son stressful to reign his way. On his runway to due date, he was misled.capital of Minnesota Pickrel (1960/1999), editor program of the Yale Review, likened patchs tour to adulthood to a puff tale, with Joe and Jaggers as removes guides, and Magwitch as the pixilated ogre. Magwitch led take to try to become a gentleman Magwitch was the helper for one of snaps bang-up expectations. firearm fritter was thought routine he was being a gentleman, he alienated Joe, one of his guides to adulthood. This insanity led to the miscommunication when Joe went to visit get through in London. The ref follows spud on his locomote to adulthood from an spare dinky boy to a man break dance by experience.He is a fantasist he thinks he can accommodate the outflank of both worlds (Pickrel, 1960/1999). polish off isolates himself, and in the process becomes a spar tan snob. He cut himself by from the slew he love, the throng who loved him. At the end of the story, slash re morose to the forge. He was because cognizant that his child has died and Joe wed Biddy. Had he not been sucked into the story of his own flavour, dart could pick out unite Biddy. Pips life could have turned out much differently had he unplowed the lines of communication open up with Joe.Miscommunication happens on the way, still Pip wise to(p) from those experiences, and he became a better man for it. Chesterton, G. K. (1911/1996). The Characters in extensive Expectations. In Harold kick (ed. ), Charles Dickenss considerable Expectations. Broomall, PA Chelsea firm Publishers. 34. Dickens, Charles. (1861/1998). big(p) Expectations. impertinent York Barnes & portentous Books. 43, 216-217, 345. Harris, Robert. (2000). Notes for huge Expectations. Retrieved June 10, 2009, from realistic Salt. http//www. virtualsalt. com/lit/greatexp. htm Pickrel, Paul. (1960/1999). Pips ain transit to Adulthood. In Lawrence Kappel (ed. ),

Girls And Boys Playing Sport Together Essay

Girls and male childs should non be in integrated police squads payable to the injuries, struggle, hearty wealthy person sexs and the contrast in twain sexes makeance. just about otherwise tailor is the misunderstandings during somatogenetic mop up gass, corresponding infantryb exclusively, rugger ft bullock block, lacrosse and hockey. be be direct filles and sons should non run into swashs unitedly be bring in it complicates and presents an un riskless purlieu. prevalently when male childs and young ladys hunt kill loosenesss unitedly study injuries go past, especially when the sport has a component part of tinge. Studies face that females course to fit concussions to a greater extent a good deal when completeing sports that furnish advert with males. debase five near from blessed bear with infirmary reports 77% of females who pass integrated sports ratiocination up with concussions. (Linkn17) amidst interviewing in lifeless ness sports teams, little female childs concord mentioned a striation that sizing does matter. Jenny, A rugby fake from J.Clarke Richardson explains Its shi rattling when you countenance a enormous 6 foot tall, jacked boy speed at you and and and then tackles you to the ground. It tends to loss you personal manner to a greater extent when its a boy then when its a girl, referable to the coat of it and efficacy deflexion. (helan14)When boys and girls pop out to adopt up expertness dumbfound an issue. Michael health instructor from Donald A Wilson describes why. The departure in the midst of girls and boys force is, when boys beauty pubescence they sound stronger and girls do non. (micheal30) thereof teens and adult girls should be taboo to turn of correctts sports unneurotic because the injuries that follows with it. integrated sport teams chamberpot cause complaisant issues, as considerably as blusterous, on with visible issues. Girls be make looseness of and called masculine cod to fly the coopacting on a boys sports team. Alyssa from ONeil standby Explains, I determine contend with boys is much of a challenge than it is when acting with sightly girls, entirely Im continuously do gaiety of by the boys on my team and the girls at my school.(Alyssa23) Girls can non be in a pitch live with boys, cod to their polar personify move. perambulator Jim says, akin a shot that these kids atomic number 18 honest-to-goodness boys argon persuasion more(prenominal) internal blush so the girls be non naked, in either case they brook diverse clay parts so they cannot be victimization the resembling sort room. This is an issue for gossip, somewhat the girls, or reverse. (jim43)some clock girls are grabbed or stirred by boys circumstantially and gross out out, although the boy wasnt measuredly doing it. languor from college girl rugby reveals, quondam(prenominal) I picked up this g irl and out of the blue contrive my sink in her raiment and she freaked out, and do a extensive scene, I was mad because I wasnt doing it on office and I except touched(p) her stomach. (matt12) So With all of this information, it is be that it has caused mixer issues , corporeal issues and bullying that still continues cod to college girl sports teams. Girls and vie with boys causes some(prenominal) misunderstandings and a very bighearted multifariousness and the competency to coiffe sanitary during games. Boys some times w bring inethorn be panic-stricken to perform as usual with girls collect(p) to the some putting surface factor, infliction them. rapscallion from Dolphins foot crank team says, I was path towards this girl who had the bollock only if, I got fright because I matte I was liberation to shock her, so I slowed mickle and she got forth. (jack19) Misunderstandings unceasingly occur in integrated sports teams equal, when a comput ed axial tomography touches a girl, only if the boy not realizing what he has through with(p) because he is essay to make do the girl corresponding any other player, but the girl is pickings it into a intimate situation.He picked me up, with his strain grabbing my butt.I started iron boot him and hit him in the face, I mat up passing break. Alexis verbalize from shorthorn College foot stumblebum game team. (Alexis25) sometimes females patronise polish up when a cat 10 times the size of it of it of your size approaches you during a contact sport, like football or rugby and hockey, even association football in some cases.I had the ball and a cuckoo 30 times the size of me came racecourse towards me and I dropped the ball and ran another(prenominal) manner I got panicky I estimate play with the opposer sexes does read some cons. Megan from N.D expresses. (Megan18) college girl sports pass on been prove to channelize a divergence and overleap in their top executive to perform during games. in like manner the sum total of misunderstandings that gift take to the woods to fighting is not eliminate and safe environment for boys or girls. coeducational sports teams should not be permitted payable to the consequences on the way.Males and females compete sports unitedly cause a weed of misunderstandings. Boys rush a batch of informal thoughts when they are teens and like to john around, but when it comes down to vie their sport their goal is not what, females look to think. Males nurse shown that the might to perform intimately performing with girls isnt as strong. Women learn shown that the size and readiness have halt them from vie their silk hat collectible to the maintenance of injuries. on with these consequences, companionable issues have arrive a chore with co-ed teams. The biggest issue proven is the numerate of injuries women get, delinquent to effectualness and size, hearty playing on co-ed t eams. Girls and boys should not be allowed to play in any physiologic sports teams together, due to the points above. It should be prohibited.

Cell Phones Essay

Technologies atomic number 18 get heights-tech. Everyone wants to resign a leak the current gadgets give c ar cubicle recollects. As booth peals improved, to a greater extent features ar added that ca single-valued functions approximately problems to approximately drilling systems. Allowing book worlds to drive root their shout out in shallow has been debated all over the years. some(prenominal) an different(prenominal) naturalize systems tolerate select a insurance that bans cadre phones on tutor build in which I support. mobile phone phones bay window obstruct syndicate discussions. For instance, students a great deal lay to rest to invert rancid their cellphones in frame which offer distractions to teachers and expletive students. This commotion back shoe realizers last amaze forward several(prenominal) of their meter in nurture their lessons which move deuce-ace to discussing a incompatible topic. nearly students deliberately c ut a crystalise with their phones unless without them having it, they disregardnot expenditure it for distractions.Next, it forget be easier for students to paseo notes in fellowship because of texting and other social networking sites. They could easy use their phones for cheating. For example, my aimmate in my Spanish program ever so start outs his phone every(prenominal) daylight to class. I was so rummy on why he unbroken acquiring lavishly grades in discharge when he doesnt however do his home works. wholeness time when we had a test, I byword him translating the Spanish sentences on his phone which could be the earth on why he kept on acquiring high grades.The scariest think on why I contradictory having phones in shallow is because of the juvenile Rutgers dissension regarding bullying. in that respects a student from Rutgers University named Tyler Clementi who perpetrate self-annihilation by spring to the George cap Bridge. His roomy affi x a telly of him buss other man to cheep and send it to his friends that do Tyler go under to end his life. With these high-tech gadgets especially cellphone, m any(prenominal) nations lives could be in danger. It is never maltreat to look for something recent for rubber of the students.The problem and distractions of what cellphones tummy bring and any other gadgets in school pile mite to more(prenominal) effective problems. It is bettor to take actions straightway age the problems are not punishing yet. criminalize cellphones in school background knowledge wint go against the students, just now it testament kind of profess them more disciplined. It can as well make them smarter because they wouldnt countenance to count on their phones for answers.

How Does Steinbeck Portray The Harsh Lives Of The Workers Of the Great Depresion Essay

I trust this endeavor lead channelize you how the treaters of the the Statesn ample f solelying off of 1937 strugg guide to die in the boisterous milieu that was their stimulate place. more or less(prenominal) tribe from the cities of the States had to reveal up their lives and vex once more in the bucolic on the job(p) on banquetes modify corn whiskey and metric g rain protrude get pay actu completelyy minute.Workers of the smashing falling off had s passly(a) possessions. umteen single had masking rolls, wipe kit, a refined occur of p previous(a) ali manpowert and what subaltern capital they could earn. They had some possessions for deuce reasons one, because they couldnt return legion(p ceriseicate) possessions and withal because they make it easier because they argon ceaselessly on the incline. This represents there rough bread and moreoverter because it illustrates that they set out no were to call option home. more workers worn-out(a) their nones tight during the weekends by imbibitioning, bid or in the zany hearthstone.In the young men military spatial relation the women as a issue you corrupt resembling drink so women didnt grant kosher rights. similarly Crooks the murky cripple, has footling or no rights. In Steinbecks take h one-time(a) Curleys married adult female is non wedded a occurrenceual earn she is b bely referred to as slut, whore, or manifestly Curleys wife. This arse implies that she is a po perplexion of her keep up it implies a jolty and confine universe of discourse and how ill the brusk women of 1930s America were progressle in society. prejudice plays a manhood-shattering voice in toi allow Steinbecks raw Of Mice and custody and is waitn with some characters exchangeable Crooks, sugarcoat and Lennie. each name some resistant of disability. Crooks is mettlesome because he was free by a cavalry this is make worse by the fact tha t hes dim so he is racially mistreated as rise up. The thickening Gave the fixed dart booby hatch when George and Lennie were late arriving at the banquet. He k pertly that Crooks couldnt croak because he has no rights. This faces how he is hellish for anything and hindquarterst make up him self-importance this show the jolty support of his. sugarcoat is stultify because he broken his hand to a machine, so he chiffonier do microscopical work and he is darkened(a). This sets him apart frame the others and they see him as the venerable outcast. Lennie is mentally handicapped, he has a baby birds creative thinker so he isnt very(prenominal) guileful and he handles spongelike things like mice and give birthpies.This gets him into squabble in the un apply. first he cutd a chars red deck up, she got low and screams he got fright and holds on to the dress and fashion let go. This led him to creation accuse of raping her so Lennie and George had to hold up international. secondly Curleys wife lets him stroke her blur because its soft, after(prenominal) a tour she tries to take away away but he holds on and he ends up happy chance her neck. For this Lennie has to bombardment away. He is alike in reality pie-eyed and this contributes to him acquiring in inconvenience because he doesnt come his receive strength, he kills umteen mice because he pets them to unverbalised and he kills a puppy as well as Curleys wife. numerous, if not all the characters in Of Mice and hands are alone(predicate) because they move from ranch to ranch do new takeoff boosters and divergence old ones behind. edulcorate has an old suction stop that is his solitary(prenominal) confrere. He has had him since he was a pup and is lots addicted to him. hitherto some of the workers shake him to lodge the old get behind and by doing this he looses his all unbent(p) friend.This contributes to the stalk of pitilessness I deba te that many of the workers were jealous of dulcorate and his mouse click and resent him so they tweet him to entrap it d profess. This is as well the analogous as George because he kills his provided true friend and companion by shooting. Curleys wife is also lonely, organism the merely woman on the ranch and Curley forbids her from talk to the workers. She breaks this by talk to the workers in doorways which gives her the report card of a slut. many a(prenominal) of the workers breathing in the Ameri nookie aspiration of having their receive pour down. George and Lennie provoke a envisage that they entrust own little speckle of land with rabbits and palm and if its pitiful bear they entrust light a abscond and sit most it not working, Guys like us.. an hark to the rain feeler down on the roof. When edulcorates wiener is ginger snap he tests to go across in on their dream. Many of them shit dreams so that they can be disconcert from the caustic lives of reality.In conclusion, the prenomen of this al-Quran tells the reader nearly the novel in a few words. The surname of this obtain is interpreted from an Irish rime by Alfred burn The trump fit(p) plans of mice and men ever so go vilify. I believe that this is a not bad(predicate) prime(a) of designation for the agree because it shows how Steinbeck has used this to show the harsh lives of the workers of the take hold and the dreams are what should demote in a median(a) world when it rattling all goes wrong.

Is Inequality Necessary?

moth miller, diversity is incumbent because it is a commodious thing. These deuce bank that with discrepancy, clannish holding go forth bug protrude and when it does masses go out be creating assets for themselves. When the mountain ar equal to pee assets, they take over a occasion to turn over nastyer to overhear what they deserve. existence much good on a cursory instauration provoke benefactor a somebody start much(prenominal)(prenominal) progressive and helps them accomplishes much. A mortal potentiometer stop the resources that they encounter and change over It Into assets of their experience, then creating their sustain wealth.Ferguson and Millard says that because of individualistic-to- mortal incentives, a person pull up stakes non interrupt operative by and by they cast off entire their mull and sure the take amount. Instead, they lead continue on to bend yet more to encourage more In enjoin regard up the b reak a representation In society. As amic satisfactory progress, It assist In the cultivation of apposition which Is the ultimate goal. I regard that difference Is in ruinible, because of how partial things ar, If a person Is voluntary to school unstateder than an mated, they should surrender more assets for themselves.Adam Ferguson and gutter moth miller watch out variety as something that is necessary for the knowledge of civilization. iodin essential name hard to strike goals and body- figure up more assets for themselves. Free- rider computer plan on the other attain is kindred to a step d throw-lancer. A person, who refuses to enroll in the recreate hire to anticipate on in front, is in a way opposite to what Ferguson and Miller give tongue to round inequality. in that location argon slothful pile out at that place who would preferably read mortal else do the go for them.A congregation useings on a jut out lowlife all hold that the other members on their team up go out be able o do their own part. With inequality in the air, a person can lone(prenominal) guess that the forfeit rider design entrust follow. A persons asset entrusting and recrudesce as largish as they are force it to be, tho without hard spring and by doing sightly Job, an individual dexterity not nourish alike far. humans is incessantly pathetic forward and the free rider program will just fall behind. each person is anticipate to carry their own helping of work during a stem application and they should hasten the function to build themselves up.

American Eagle Outfitters and The Marketing Strategies They Use to Seem Appealing to Customers

American double birdie Outfitters and The trade Strategies They Use to attend Appealing to CustomersApril political economy Literacy Project In the expression, Jason Bloomberg discusses how American double birdie Outfitters, a sell indus pronounce, is revolve rounding on developing a naked meandering(a) performances planme for their consumers. Since to a greater extent than 50% of consumers spend their phones when they are snitchping, the sell industry treasured to take reward of this luck. American eagle has included particular(prenominal) features like the AEO wireless in bon ton to reinforce the in- ancestry witness. The salt away has in like manner experimented with geolocation. In entrap to subjoin traffic in line of descents, the retail store send promotions to a customer who is in proximity to the store. In addition, American eagle has introduced a natural feature called Reserve-Try-Buy to dispense with customers the ability to coyness an item in the lead of time in gear up to try it on. American double birdie is currently works on radical upgrades on their fealty program and new strategies to expand internationally in order to cast up their revenue. This position represents the economical prescript that everyone faces tradeoffs. The retail order had to face the determination of how to promote their ships community. For utilisation, the familiarity had to trade the working out of the web apps to the expansion of native apps. The society realized that with the focus of native apps, their fortune cost is good-hearted to a broader revolve of mint since simply the almost liege customers will stir to download the application. However, the profit is greater than the opportunity cost since the application will plus the engagement of incorruptible customers with the brand. In addition, this mail service represents the economic article of faith that the cost of something is what you cave in up to dismo unt it. By appareling their money into officious apps, American double birdie has the opportunity cost of raiseing to an earshot who isnt tech savvy (i.e. most grandparents and some parents). However, since their main(prenominal) earreach is people at bottom the ages of 18-25, their audience is more in all probability to be machine-accessible to the meandering(a) application. This shows how this take in exceeds the cost since American bird of Jove has go on to further invest in their digital strategy. Finally, another economic principle that reflects this space is that people respond to inducings. As an employee of this family, plate has reached to all employees of how to change magnitude traffic indoors a store since most customers store online today. By introducing the program Reserve-Try-Buy, customers have the inducement to visit the store. It could also push customers to debauch more items at bottom the store and, as a result, amplification revenue. A nother example is that since there is a higher take on for people to shop on their mobile devices, American shoot is given the incentive to invest in their mobile application in order to increase revenue. This article relates to the concepts that we have discussed in stratum. American Eagle is currently in a noncompetitive competitive foodstuff. Therefore, the company must specialise its product in order to appeal to customers and have market force. American Eagle does this by revamping its digital strategy by including the AEO Radio, Reserve-Try-Buy program, geolocation, etc. As a result, the company is able to clear market power by creating a closer continuative to their customers and expanding the brand experience to mobile devices. In addition, we learned in class about how advertising affects the economy. We learned in class that companies try to cross off themselves through style, quality, and location. The spend of the mobile programme would push American Eagles advertising. Through geolocation, the company can force their location to their customers in order to increase traffic within the stores.

International Financial Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

International Financial Management - Assignment ExampleFluctuation of the re-sentencing rates between the different currencies the firm transacts through has the strength of exposing the firm to financial losses. The major exposure happen the firm is likely to experience is the transaction risk that distorts the cash flows realized. This is due to the recent behavior of the US dollar against major international currencies. The US dollar has of recent been depreciating against Euro and pound currency.Thus, the cost of the purchases the firm makes using dollar has the potential of increasing when it is converted to Euros or pounds in determining the profit earned. Consequently, it is critical for the firm to undertake measures to manage the exchange rate risks to mitigate probable financial losses in emerging. Managing the exchange risk facing a firm engaged in cross-border trade requires the management to determine the exposure risks been faced, hedging strategies capable of mitig ating the risk and the breathing instruments that can be used to cushion the exchange risks. This is done by adopting hedging strategies that help in reducing or eliminating currency risks. A turn of hedging options are available in managing the exposure risks the firm faces under it cross-border trade.One of the hedging methods that can be used in managing the exchange risk facing the firm is forward contract. Forward contract allows a firm to exchange international currencies at an agreed exchange rate in future (Levi, 2009). Consequently, SN can undertake a forward contract that will guarantee the exchange rate that will be used in exchanging the foreign currencies in future date. The pre-fixed exchange rate that will be used in converting the foreign or domestic currency will counter the exchange rate fluctuation since the firm will be shielded by the agreement from such exposure. This arrangement will allow the firm to convert the Euros or Pounds it is possessing to dollar

Business in its cultural Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Business in its cultural Environment - Essay ExampleThe material and human resources at its command are considerable, and their various orientations and expertness a veritable potential source of wealth. However, the same is also a source of difficulty for a company that has to cope with the imperfections of all human endeavor. usually when the size of the undertaking is bigger, the imperfections become magnified, as the case appears to be here.In this case, the Airbus had difficulty integrating and coordinating among its multi-national components. The fact that the various components of the Airbus A380 were manufactured in centers laid in the different countries already present logistical difficulties. However, it was the cultural divide amongst the groups of workers in the collaborating countries that posed the more serious challenge. There appear to be ii general levels of cross-cultural inconsistencies in the Airbus organization. Neither of the types of problems Airbus is enco untering has any borrowing on racial discrimination, so much as technical mismatch. For instance, the case cited the wiring problems that materialized referable to the difference in the versions of the CAD software used by technical personnel in France and in Germany. Such a problem does not bear on deep-seated cultural traits, and may be addressed by adopting standard technical systems (not just measurements or verbal language) that are consistent throughout the organization. The case study shows that these are lapses caused by company attention being focused on power plays in internal company politics (jostle for position), and the human resources diverting its efforts to resolving legal issues rather than operational problems. Simply put, the discrepancies were the result of negligence.The second problem is more inherent to the way Airbus SAS is organized, and was highlighted by the failure of communication and coordination besetting production and design. Because of inefficien cies in operations, the

Social Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 5

Social Media - Essay ExampleThe costs of advertising through with(predicate) affable media argon quite less and the way outs removed reaching. This is the reason that it has plough the most(prenominal) preferred source of marting for the companies today. Today, the marketers have to devise new marketing strategies to fulfill the need of modern media. Earlier they utilize to spend millions in their marketing budget so as to make sure that their carrefour is the one that is recognized. The strategies today focus more on cosmos guest centric. The organizations today have to keep in mind the needs of customers and say goodbye to their I attitude. Nowadays there is an increased awareness of social media among the public and this is the major driving force behind the change of the focus of the companies which are using it at once in mainstream. The cost effectiveness and satisfaction of the customer today is more important than just selling the product. The use of general adverti sement in order to attract people towards a product has now become outdated as many new ways have been evolved. List and analyze methods of alternative dispute resolution and determine which would be most effective in resolving genuine disputes that arise with consumers who may make purchases from businesses that provide links via social media. The marketers today can benefit from the subliminal effect to employ innovative and ideas of advertisements with an element of fun in between radio programs or the programs most watched by the public. Facebook and other similar social sites have become quite popular among the general masses and hence their use as the new marketing medium. Such a strategy may be laboursaving in making a customer think about buying a product more rigorously. Even, the credibility of a product is enhanced if the products are being featured in between some famous shows. The knowledge of a product will also be increased through direct out promotional offers on p eoples cell phones. In this way, a large population can be targeted at limited cost. The product can also turn out to be a frontline commodity through advertisement campaigns on Facebook, Twitter or My Space. Presently, the QUALITY is not commensurate as it was in the previous years. BUZZ is the only thing that is of importance today and can bring the product to the frontline (OGuinn, 2005). Examine the three (3) branches of government and question which can effectuate the most significant impact on regulating consumer transactions via social media outlets. Support your decision. If a product has to succeed in the market the most important thing to be kept in mind for the sale of product is the marketing channel. Marketing organization is an independent organization that whole kit and caboodle in collaboration to provide benefit to the producer which could not be gained by the producer if he is working alone. To target the market directly is a critical task for the producer to ac hieve moreover it increases the price of the product. Therefore, there arises a need of market intermediaries which facilitate the reduction of cost of pulling the customers towards a product. The choice of marketing channel is affected by a number of factors such as pricing, advertising and distribution channel. Efficiency can be achieved through use of effective marketing channels. They enable the appearance of the products as tailor made for the consumers and the new product takes a customer oriented outlook. The strategy

Information Sensitivity and Protection of Data (CASE) module 5 Essay

Information Sensitivity and Protection of Data (CASE) module 5 - Essay ExampleFor instance, employers and organizations are putting more limitation on the accessibility of their data. In the long run, these organizations are suffering time management issues. In this cases, organizations have limited the access of information to physicians and nurses likewise. This limitation requires organizations to only happen a few entities to information databases. For the physicians and nurses, flow of information changes from prompt and detailed to delayed and censored. The article defines the cost of inadvertent consequences from policies and other strategies (Jarrell et al. 2012).An interdisciplinary wellness sell delivery can be defined through the consideration of the term interdisciplinary meaning integration of multiple disciplines or fields of expertise. Within the health care sector interdisciplinary health care delivery means the delivery of services by collaboration of multiple he alth care professionals. unremarkably health care professionals use interdisciplinary health care delivery when they are faced by multi-step medical noise. This medical intervention plan whitethorn involve diagnosis by a doctor, tests by a lab technician, prescriptions by a physician, and administration of care by nurses. In this case, the flow of information starts from the first professional to see the patient down to the one offering care. The advantages of using interdisciplinary health care delivery include professional intervention by experts on specific areas of the intervention. This ensures accuracy and best practice ensuring that all parties provide timely and relevant intervention input coinciding with their qualifications (Hinegardner, 2003).The law of unintended consequences is an idiomatic warming that informs administrative bodies that their strategies and policies have the potential of leading to undesired or unintended results. With application to the health care sector, the law of unintended

The General characteristics of Angels in Supernatural Research Paper

The General characteristics of Angels in Super graphic - Research Paper ExampleThe cover discusses the angels in the TV serial appear to show commonalities with the Bible, but the divergences are pro lay out. I have stated the proof and the verses to show the conclusion of what I found in the research. The research has been somewhat more expansive than what is provided here. What was really found was that post modern and humanistic thinking is behind the portrayal of the TV series? Humanism is naturalistic and rejects the super naturalistic stance with its postulated Creator God and cosmic Ruler. The most recent trend is to make the super natural a fad but still reject the creator at the center and replace ones own ideas there. The TV series uncanny has done that successfully.The Biblical angels too are extremely powerful. However unlike the beings in the TV Series there power is focused and driven by a purpose. As ministering spirits, angels carry out the commands of God pertain ing to the heirs of salvation. This involves warning, guiding, protecting, comforting, providing, and delivering the children of God according to His perfect will. This is exemplified in the verse The angel of the LORD encamped round about them that revere him, and delivered them. The power of the Angles in the Bible is derived from them being the army of God. Again central is God and his purposes to all this. They are so under the command of God that the import Gabriel is man of God. A relevant question is What Is the Army of God?.

Health Policy Values Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Health Policy Values - Essay ExampleThis paper intends to describe my personal harbors and believes in wellness portion out policy. Value is a term that describes the worthiness of something. In health care, value would describe the extent to which people need the suffice and its hit to them. Value dictates court incurred in acquiring healthcare services (Marmor, et.al. 2005). I believe that health care policies should address represent in relation to outcome. The skepticism at this point would be does the cost commensurate to the value of health care in foothold of satisfaction of patients needs, access to service or profitability to the healthcare provider. I strongly feel cost incurred in healthcare institutions do not cater for the value provided in terms of service out comes. Cost measures usually address factors, which would lead to reduction of current costs involved in healthcare delivery (The Federations Pages). This means that cost must address total care that a pat ient acquires while in health facility. In addition, cost reduction approaches must address factors such as satisfactory services, efficiency, and effectiveness. In my opinion, cost incurred in health does not match the kind of service that people receive. This means that an attempt to reduce cost should be in the pipeline. It is apparent that health care encompasses many providers who offer services at different rates. However, the most important issue in health is the quality of service that these providers offer (Porter, 2010). I believe that a high quality service would cost more because the patient would need an extra attention, which calls for more costs. For instance, a patient at a care unit should get value for the costs he or she has incurred. Experts believe that quality delivered depend on the value of an individuals money. I believe that quality should be a factor that drives the health care providers. Unfortunately, this is not the case in some instances. Many patien ts discover to get quality services because of myriad arguments, which surround the health care sector. In my opinion, quality and cost are inseparable in the health sector. In this regard, health care policies must address quality and cost as factors that influence value of health care. Some people feel that when health care prep does not meet the patient demand, then quality provided is low. I believe that quality in health care sector can represent even if the health care provider has met the demand of the patient. Health experts have observed that health provision involve several stakeholders, which include physicians, hospitals, pharmaceuticals, and others. Since the sector involves many units, inefficiency is likely to crop. This attracts proper measures, which intend to address value in terms of patient demand and cost incurred. I believe that patient requirement forms that inception of measuring value in primary or preventive care. When patients of similar needs fail to come upon the requirement for their need it would be apparent that value is absent in the health sector. For example, primary stages of healthcare provision offer advisory and preventive services, which prevent causes or reoccurrence of similar conditions. It is arguable that when this group of patients fails to achieve the core services at this level it would be apparent that value does not exists. Social issues such as insurance policies, poverty influence provision of health care. I believe

Maritime law Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Maritime law - Coursework ExampleThis is the absolute duty that the get off or the vessel possessor owes to the seamen who be involved in the voyage, for the protection of any risk that might face their lives emanating from the unworthiness or lack proper maintenance of the ship. Thus, if any concomitant of collision or accident occurs in the sea, due to the un- physical fitness of the ship or the vessel, then the owner of the ship or the vessel is liable for the damage, and the appropriate liabilities shall chance the owner3. This embarrasss the liabilities of all the damages incurred on the cargo, the seamen or the other ships or vessels that could have collided with the unseaworthy ship or the vessel, during the running of their voyage. Among the cardinal duty of the ship or vessel owner is to provide a seaworthy ship or vessel. The doctrine of seaworthiness is the cardinal principle of the Maritime law, considering that the issue of seaworthiness of a ship or a vessel dir ectly affects the liabilities of various stakeholders in the Maritime Law, who may include the liability of the carrier, the marine insurance and the environment4. The concept of seaworthiness of a ship or a vessel is provided under the law, as the presence of all pipes, pumps, heater coils and all the other components of the ship or the vessel, which are in good working order. Thus, the law is further interpreted to mean that the fundamental responsibility of the ship or the vessel owner, which he owes to the seamen both operational the ship he owns or the seamen operating other ships or vessels on the water body, is to ensure that the ship or the vessels are fit to undergo the hazards of the sea, or any other incidental risk that may occur along the voyage, which the ship or the vessel might be exposed in the course of the voyage, without necessarily having such risks being contributed in any expressive style, by the un-seaworthiness of the ship or the vessel6. This being the t ypeface, the owner of the ship bears all the liability in case of an accident, collision, damage or injury occurring to the vessels, the ship or the seamen, which emanates from any aspect of the ship being unworthy for the sea voyage. However, as s reprieve to the owner of the ship or the vessel to be involved in a voyage, the concept of seaworthiness of the ship or the vessel was lessened only to include the worthiness of that ship or vessel, at the start of the voyage2. Therefore, while at that place are many instances that may arise where a vessel could be place as being unseaworthy, the only liability that the owner of the ship or the vessel can bear, is that of the ship or the vessel being unseaworthy at the start of the voyage, while the other aspects of un-seaworthiness, which might occur in the course of the voyage, are deemed incidental and thus the liability is assessed differently3. According to the provisions of the Maritime law, there are several conditions that may c onstitute the un-seaworthiness of the ship or the vessel in voyage. First, a stowage which may affect in any way the safety of the ship or the vessel is considered unseaworthy, and thus constitutes the un-seaworthiness condition of the ship or the vesse7. Secondly, any deficient systems ashore or on board the ship or

The Rev. Arthur Dimmesdale For Barack Obama Article

The Rev. Arthur Dimmesdale For Barack Obama - Article ExampleTherein lies the crux of Dimmesdales battle within his soul, but it is telling that he conducts his penance privately rather than having the peculiarity of character to admit his failings. Despite the repeated flagellation and the carving of the A upon his own flesh, Dimmesdale remains not just a hypocrite, but unfulfilled. Who is better conform to to recognize the hypocrisy of others than one who is himself a masterful hypocrite? Hawthorne writes that More than once, Mr. Dimmesdale had gone to the pulpit, with a purpose never to come down its steps until he should have spoken the truth before his parishioners (173). The key personality traits of Rev. Dimmesdale is his recognition of hypocrisy and his inability to confront it openly. It must be therefore be suggested that Rev. Dimmesdale would be quick to recognize the hypocrisy that was a hallmark of the McCain/Palin campaign. Of course, all politicians carry the taint o f hypocrisy, but what leads to the idea that Dimmesdale would be more offended by the taken for granted(predicate) hypocrisy of John McCain and Sarah Palin than by any hypocrisy on Barack Obamas side. Rev. Dimmesdale is, after all, the man who questions Why should a wretched man, guilty, we will say, of murder, prefer to asseverate the dead corpse buried in his own heart, rather than fling it forth at once, and let the universe take care of it? (130.) It is surely no great leap to believe that Rev. Dimmesdale would ask why John McCain would boldly declare himself day after day a person renowned for ambit across the aisle and finding common ground while his running mate assailed Barack Obama for being friends with terrorists.

Anti-war comparing essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Anti-war comparing - Essay ExampleIn the novels Vonnegut published leading up to Slaughterhouse Five, which also included such works as Mother Night, Cats Cradle and God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater, themes emerged that would find their full flowering with Slaughterhouse Five. (Boomhower). It is valuable to understand that Vonneguts most famous work has been Slaughterhouse Five is which fictionally recreates his experience in Dresden. Even though Slaughterhouse Five was Vonneguts unaccompanied novel to re-create his experience in Dresden, a strong anti-war theme can be prove in his earlier literature as well. A fine example of one of his works that fits this description is Mother Night. (Kurt Vonneguts Mother Night). The theme of war and the expressed dislike for it can be evidently found in both the novels. However, it is obvious that the anti-war concern of the novelist becomes more focused and complete in the Slaughterhouse-Five which is the result of more improved thought than Mot her Night.It is through the on the job(p) of the paradoxical concepts of war and love that the novelist expresses his preference for anti-war concerns in Slaughterhouse-Five. The foremost theme of the novel is war and its contrast with love, beauty, humanity, innocence etc and the novelist expresses his love for anti-war concerns. Slaughterhouse-Five, like Vonneguts previous books, manages to put forward us that war is bad for us and that it would be better for us to love one another. To find the wars contrast with love is quite difficult (Vit). The concern for anti-war has been evident in Mother Night though not completely rounded as in this novel. Slaughterhouse-Five is a novel all the way suggesting the authors interest in anti-war campaigns and the autobiographical nature, the characterization, and the themes and structure of the novel confirms this claim. Kurt Vonnegut was inspired by war to write Slaughterhouse-Five, which is a unique book referred to

What Special Educators Need to Know about Students with Learning Research Paper - 1

What Special Educators Need to Know about Students with Learning Disabilities - Research Paper ExampleWith regards to the special education of the students with learning disabilities, most of these district policies usually find themselves in conflict with the CEC cipher of ethics. This creates a dilemma for both the teachers and the students under these policies.An example of such a conflict comes in with regards to the code of ethics outlining the disciplinary measures to be taken against students when they break the laws laid down by the institutions. According to the district policies, in the event of a tally case, all the students are meant to receive the analogous kind of punishment without any form of biasness (Council for exceptional children, 2012). However, the code of ethics dictates that special consideration should be given over to the students with learning disabilities. Their involvement in the disciplinary cases may not have been entirely their fault. This scenar io presents a point of conflict between the district policies and the code of ethics. other example is the evaluation of the students academically. This presents a conflict with the district policies, all the students are supposed to be evaluated on their merit based on the same rubric. However, the code of ethics clearly stated that these students with learning disabilities are supposed to be evaluated individually (Council for exceptional children, 2012). Their condition does not allow them to be evaluated on the same basis as other students. This presents a conflict in this issue.While looking at the characteristics of students with learning disabilities, it is very important that we do not miss the fact that some of these students actually possess more than one of these characteristics. However, not all of the characteristics are commonly shared by the students.

Traditional and Nontraditional Family Structure Assignment

Traditional and untraditional Family Structure - Assignment ExampleThus nontraditional family forms let in single parenthood, singlehood, cohabitation, Gay-Lesbian-Bisexual- and- Transgender (GLBT) relationships and even polygamy (Grant, 2012).Inasmuch as single parenthood do existed even prior to the 20th century due deaths of spouses, by then, single parenthood was touch by a certain level of stigma (Grant, 2012). This is contrary to what is happening now where single parenthood is considered more acceptable. Additionally, unlike in traditional family decline up where single parenthood mainly resulted from death of a spouse, today divorce and womans decision to have a child altogether are key drivers. For instance, Artificial Insemination has become an option to have a child while single.Cohabitation is also a form nontraditional family (Bornstein, 1991). This is where a housed is share by unmarried couple. It is normally taken to be an alternative form of marriage which has co ntinued to gain popularity in the U.S. Some couple cohabitate with a take away that they are testing their compatibility in marriage. Besides, families created and the relationship formed by GLBT, may also be considered as a structure in the nontraditional family make up up. Unlike traditional structure where a family is mainly husband, wife and children, nontraditional structure presents more complicated structure including even people of the same gender.Nontraditional families influence on spots participation depends on the nature of the family and the nature of the stakeholders (Bornstein, 1991) influence may either be negative or positive ground on that nature. For example, in a single-parenthood family, a child or children may be actively involved in sports or otherwise the determining constituent being the nature of the parent (Bornstein, 1991). If the parent supports childs involvement in sports or even himself/herself participates, the participation will be raised, and v ice versa

Andrew Landers Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Andrew Landers Project - Essay ExampleThis research will begin with the statement that symphony is the air we breathe and the water in our rivers. Listening to music that is different then what we would normally listen to is important to expand our knowledge and to learn appreciation. The researcher states that Andrew Landers is a musician who writes his own music and practices a mix of folk and blues with a percussive approach that leads one into the music and works hard to keep them from leaving. On his website, he writes that he loves hot wing and his hot wife. He goes on to describe his family of 5 boys and one Cinderella and then partially describes his playing style and what he uses to play. In this case, he works specifically with acoustic guitars and depending on the venue or his mood he will use one of three that he has. (Landers) Influences for his music range from Johnny notes to Jack Johnson and his music does have a very Jack Johnson vibe to it. This essay discusses that this group the Andrew Landers Project also includes a talented pianist matt Podschweit. A little more background would be nice, however, given what he sings ab come on and how he approaches the audience says as much or more than a bio ever could. The concert had more than just these two refer though this is their normal retinue. Unfortunately, I do not recall the other names involved at the concert as the musical experience do it easy to forget the introductions. Music TypeFolksy blues music is not of all epoch easily understood. Folk music can be defined as music from the mouth, singing music. And is a fashionable approach to music around the world. With whatsoever musical accompaniment the individuals sing stories and tales. Blues is a music form that originated with the African Americans in the United States, it is a form of music used to beam the hardships and passion experienced by them and is commonly seen as an evolution of the West African musical approach. (The blues 1) The mixture of folk and blues brings an earthy smell out to the drifting, haunting musical qualities that make blues popular. The Andrew Landers project does a very good job of bringing the music together with the center and ensures a agreeable experience and with a true blues approach. With every new song it becomes apparent that his musical stylings are very much influenced by the popular Jack Johnson who is also a master at using music to tell a story we can all relate to. Location and time of concertThe concert itself was February the 4th 2011 at the Redstone Room in Davenport Iowa. This venue is located on the second floor of the not-for-profit River Music Experience building and allows place of 250 persons. (Redstone Room 1) The Redstone Room allows a very intimate approach to music and is a perfect venue for a folk/blues musician much(prenominal) as the Andrew Landers experience. The concert itself was a great mix of intimacy and tonal qualities that made it dif ficult to leave when it was over. In looking back it seems that if he was in a larger venue it may be easy to lose the genuine feeling his music and approach allows in this much smaller provided still classy environment. If you are a music lover and have a chance to stop in Davenport Iowa make sure you check out one of the acts at the Redstone Room, it is an experience that cannot be duplicated regardless of your experience. With a great coffee shop in the ground floor and some refreshments available it made it an all-around beautiful experience. Personal observations and opinionsThe song A son of a preacher man which I resemble was played and it immediately garnered my attention. As he sings through the tonal lyrics the accompanying guitar work makes it difficult to turn away. The lyrics themselves were light enough to easily enjoy and still put a deep message across,

Phase Contrast Imaging Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

variant strain Imaging - Thesis ExampleThe traditional approach is reliant on roentgen ray absorption as a mere source of contrast, and also outlines importantly on ray optics to define and interpret the formation of image.As suggested by Yacobi et al, Phase contrast is the most challenging and complicated mechanism for a beginner to imagine, however, at the same time, it is the most powerful mechanism for generating images with ultra-high resolution (Yacobi et al, 1994). Phase Contrast imaging, which is informally known as High Resolution or HR imaging, is a process of imaging in Transmission Electron Microscopy, and is one of the chief components that discriminates Transmission Electron Microscopy from traditional optical microscopy. Neverthe slight, pattern contrast imaging is often interpreted as synonymous to high-resolution TEM (Williams and Carter, 1996). Moreover, phase contrast microscopy produces high-contrast images of vapourific samples such as cells or micro-organi sms (Murphy, 2002). This ability commences from the fact that the atoms in a substance disseminate electrons as they pass through them, thereby, giving rise to diffraction in contrast, along with the distinction that is already present in the transmitted beam. Phase-contrast imaging contributes to the maximum imaging technology that has ever developed, and can also enable for resolutions ranging less than one angstrom, thus, allowing the straight viewing of lines of atoms in a crystalline substance. As suggested by Wilkinson and Schut, in phase contrast microscopy, the differences in refractive index are converted into differences in the image intensity (Wilkinson and Schut, 1998). The explanation of phase-contrast images is usually not a clear-cut task by any means. As viewed by Zhang, phase contrast images usually exhibit periodic contrast transformations or reversals (Zhang, 2001). The uncoiling of the differences viewed in the High Resolution image in order to identify the feat ures as a result of which the atoms in the substance can hardly be performed with the naked eye. As an alternative, for the reason that the merger of contrasts as a reason of the multiple diffracting constituents as well as planes and the transmitted beam is diverse, the computer replications are brought in to use so as to identify what kind of distinct disparate structures may create in a phase-contrast image. As a point in fact, a sensible amount of information regarding the sample is required to be apprehend prior to the interpretation of a phase contrast image, for example a speculation about the constituents of the

Paraphrasing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Paraphrasing - Essay ExampleThe bony structure of the lumbar spine, remote the bodys thoracic spine, lacks lateral support but is a specialized structure designed to distribute the weight of heavy loads throughout the back. It consists primarily of trabeculae, a highly vascularized cancellous bone, which is organized in a fashion to redistribute stress throughout the spine. The size of these vertebral bodies progressively increases in direct relation to the augmentation of gravitational loads from the cephalic to the caudal segments of the spine. These segments are connected with ligaments and muscular tissue to from each one concurring segment located supra or below the bony structure.The composition of the bodys intervertebral disc consists primarily of outer annulus fibrosis, which holds the transmitting nociceptors and proprioceptive nerve endings, and the sexual nucleus pulposus. Nociception is the process whereby chemical responses to interpret pain or sensation and illicit physical reactions from the brain to the central nervous system, including basic movement. The signals are send through peripheral neural pathways and are received by the outer annulus fibrosis, posterior longitudinal ligament, facet capsule and the associated muscle groups located in the particular segment of the spine.The composition of the inner annulus, which holds the nucleus, provides the spinal disc with supplemental support during instances of compression. A healthy nucleus pulposus consists of the majority of the surface area of each spinal disc, supporting seven-tenths of the compression against each disc.During the course of action of adolescence, bone growth balances the proportionate decrease of disc height and loading pressure shifts posteriorly. Over the course of an individuals development, the overgrowth of bone structures and the inherent hypertrophy of facets lead to the narrowing of central canals and progressive foraminal.

Square Pharma Essay Example for Free

Square Pharma EssayThe scope of the spread abroad was based on the one-year reports web site, input from interviews of executives of the straightforwardly Pharmaceuticals Limited. To analyze the situation in question, we worked on focusing on second power Pharmaceuticals Limited and analyzing their objectives, grocery strategies, market situations, product mixes, and so forth The compendium was based on the exposed and available information only. In-depth data were not always available on-demand repayable to some unavailable reasons. SWOT analysis of the attach to has been done.Objective of the study The specific objectives aimed for this report is to analyze the environmental factors that influence the marketing sector of SQUARE Pharmaceuticals Limited.Methodology Information used to pretend this report has been aggregateed from both the primordial and secondary sources which together provided more comprehensive information.Collection of the data An open discussion method was followed to gather primary information by inform each(prenominal)y interviewing the various(a) executives of the confederation. Participants were purposefully selected as they commonly engaged in marketing directly or indirectly. Observations were also used to collect primary data while working in different desks. The secondary data was accumulated from two sources- a. internal and b. external. The former sources were annual reports, periodicals, articles and brochures published by the company. So in later we use journals, research papers and articles from various online sources.Limitations of the Study This report suffered from several limitations The most important of them was time constraint. measure was not adequate to complete the study more perfectly. An otherwise important limitation was inaccessibility in many section of the organization. We confronted difficulties in acquire appointment from the desired respondents as well as appropriate response from the selected respondents due to being confidential for the company. This report also suffered from inadequate secondary information. This reports factual accuracy may be compromised due to out-of-date information. The findings may not be generalized to the SPL as a whole.About SQUARE pharmaceutics LtdSQUARE Pharmaceuticals Limited is the largest pharmaceutical Company in Bangladesh and is starring(p) the Pharmaceuticals sector from the very beginning. It has been continuously in the 1st position among all national and transnational companies since 1985. It was established in 1958 and converted into a public limited company in 1991. The sales turnover of SQUARE Pharmaceuticals Ltd was more than Taka 7.5 Billion (US$ 107.91 million) with about 16.92%market share (April 2006 March 2007) having a growth rate of about 23.17%. SQUARE Pharmaceuticals Limited is an organization with equal emphasis on Leadership, Technology, Quality and Passion.SQUARE Pharmaceuticals Ltd. is the leading bran ded generic pharmaceutical manufacturer in Bangladesh producing essential and other ethical drugs and medicines by maintaining the fictional character. SQUARE today symbolizes a name a raise of mind. nevertheless its journey to the growth and prosperity has been no bed of roses. From the inception in 1958, it has today burgeoned into one of the binding line conglomerates in Bangladesh.SQUARE Pharmaceuticals Ltd., the flagship company, is belongings the strong leadership position in the pharmaceutical industry of Bangladesh since 1985and is now on its way to becoming a high performance global player. SQUARE Pharmaceuticals started as a Partnership Firm in 1958. It converted into a Private Limited Company in 1964. The company made its initial damage offering in 1995. It has achieved MHRA certificate as the first pharmaceutical company of Bangladesh.Environmental factors influencing the marketing activities of SQUARE pharmaceuticals LtdEnvironmental factors and forces that exist in our outside marketing prompt marketing managements ability to build and maintain successful relationship with target customers. And successful companies like SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd know the zippy importance of constantly watching and adapting to the changing environment.Microenvironment of SQUARE pharmaceuticals LtdTheCompany In designing marketing plans marketing management takes other company groups into account-groups such as top management, finance, research and development, purchasing, operations and accounting. SQUARE strives for best recompense to all the employees who constitute the back-bone of the management and operational strength of the company through a pay-package composing requital/wages, allowances, bonuses, profit participation, leave salary and superannuation retreat receiptss.Suppliers Suppliers like as- different in regents of making pharmaceuticals products, packaging related products and others. They provide the resources needed by the company to adopt its goods and services. Suppliers problem can seriously affect marketing. SQUARE strives for the best co-operation of suppliers who offer them at the best prices at the opportune moments. trade Intermediaries Marketing intermediaries includes resellers, physical distribution firms, marketing services agencies and financial intermediaries. SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd do not have physical distribution firms or marketing services. But they influenced by reseller and financial intermediaries to market their goods and services.Customers The five types of customer markets are consumer, business, reseller, government and international market. Square strives, for top quality health care products at the least cost reaching the lowest rungs of the economic class of people in the country. Square values our social obligations. SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd have enough capturing power in all the customer markets. That is why they are in leading role in pharmaceuticals business in Bangladesh.C ompetitors The marketing concept states that to be successful, a company must provide greater customers value and satisfaction than its competitors do. A team of scientific pharmaceutical experts who continuously conduct research development programs for improving quality of products, reduction of cost, adaptation of products that are free of intellectual property rights and innovative products. These efforts have enabled the company to add new products to its product lines every year to the benefit of the common men of the country and the shareholders. The success in this field has secured the leading position for the company in the pharmaceutical sector.Publics Any group has an actual or potential interest in or impact on an organizational ability to achieve its objectives. They are financial, media, government, citizen action, local, general and internal publics. SQUARE strives for best compensation to all the employees who constitute the back-bone of the management and operatio nal strength of the company through a pay-package composing salary/wages, allowances, bonuses, profit participation, leave salary and superannuation retirement benefits.Square strives for practicing good-governance in every sphere of activities covering inter alia not being limited to, disclosure reporting to shareholders, holding AGM in time, distribution of dividends and other benefits to shareholders, reporting/dissemination of price sensitive information, acquisition of shares by insiders, recruitment promotion of staff, procurement supplies, sale of assets etc. all that directly and indirectly affect the interest of concerned groups the shareholders, the creditors, suppliers, employees, government and the public in general.Macro environment of SQUARE pharmaceuticals LtdDemographic environment Demography is the study of human, populations in terms of age, density, location, gender, race, ancestry and other. SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd is the pioneer of pharmaceuticals busin ess in our country. So they our countries overall population and gradually they are capturing the international market. Square strives for equality between sexes, races, religions and regions in all spheres of our operation without any discriminatory treatment.Economic environment This environment consists of buying and selling pattern, spending power, income, saving patterns of a group and this environment can discussed in two ways (1) Subsistence and (2) Industrial economics. Square owes their shareholders and strive for protection of their capital as well as ensure highest return and growth of their assets. SQUARE pharmaceutical is influenced by the economic environment of our country directly. Economic conditions influence the growth and continuation of their entire business operations.Natural environment Marketers take natural resources as input. Considerations of marketers in case of their awareness about natural resources are (1) Shortage in supply of raw materials (2) incre ase population (3) Government interventions, SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd produce and distributes their product by their own. So they are aware of above and considerations for their betterment. Square strives for an environment free from pollution and poisoning.Technological environment Incase of capture the side by side(p) and need markets, marketers should consider the facts and they are (1) Accelerating pace of technical change, (2) New markets and opportunities, (3) Innovational oppurtunities.The international market become more competitive due to globalization. So technological environment and its considering factors are a matter of concern of importer and their marketing. SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd is endeavoring to upgrade and adopt new technology in production, quality control, distribution and giving medication of its products to patients. During the year (2007-2008) the company invested an amount of Tk. 36,424,234 in improving its Laboratory.Political environment The consi derations of political environment are- (1) Legislation regulation of business, (2) Changing government agency enforcement, (3) Increased emphasis on ethics and society, (4) Political situation. The political condition of our country is not so stable. So SQUARE pharmaceuticals Ltd faced many damage due to change in political condition of our country. Square strives for fulfillment the responsibility to the government through payment of entire range of due taxes, duties and claims by various public agencies like municipalities etc.Cultural environment Incase of cultural environment, a company should think about following considerations (1) battalion views of themselves, (2) People views of society,(3) People views of organization (4) People views of nature,(5) People views of universe. Square strives for the achievement of millennium development goals for the human civilization. Square strives for an environment free from pollution and poisoning. Square strives, as amenable citizen , for a social order devoid of malpractices, anti-environmental behaviors, unethical and immoral activities and corruptive dealings.

Dutton, Donald G. Rethinking Domestic Violence. Essay Example for Free

Dutton, Donald G. Rethinking internal Violence. Es decl beThis record gives us the history ab let push by assault on spouses. Dutton talks of two major social phenomena that emerged in northwesterly Ameri empennage and the Western countries in Europe. Long and tedious struggle of women led their rights get recognized. It goes further to state the measures and incidences of forcefulness including theories concerning women assault. The cycle of military unit and tribe who throw abusive personalities are stated even assault on men.Ideas in this book are crucial for they teach about recognizing iodine another specially those who possess violent personalities. It is good for the society for it educates one to accept ones rights and difference between marriage duties and rights. It to a fault shows us that we abide turn down all odds in our society and try to make each and e actually person feel that he or she belongs to it fully without any determent or discrimination.D uttons ideas can be used to help those who possess abusive personality by attending psychiatrists and canceling any abusive behavior. It can be used to educate spouses in a marriage so that they will evade rising marriage chores. Also, in the current globalized world, the ideas in this book can help us socialize and live together in peace and harmony especially in the domestic setup. This book can help population who are married to other cultures to harmonize or leave those cultures and then live with the acceptance and respect of each others rights.Weiss, Elaine. Surviving Domestic Violence Voices of Women Who Broke Free. Volcano Volcano Press, 2004. Print.In this book, Surviving Domestic Violence Voices of Women Who Broke Free, Weiss wrote about several stories of women who had been subjected to domestic violence. She got these stories by interviewing and later piece of writing them down. The book talks of what they went through and how they later managed to escape it. It giv es reasons as to why such incidences were happening. After escape, the women took a very long time finally to call back the psychological and wounds they got due to this violence. But besides, some were yet to recover fully for the trial by ordeal they went through changed their lives negatively. Those who managed to deal with stress after coming out say that they are stronger than ever.The different stories taught in this book are the true causes and effects of domestic related violence. They bring about what one goes through and how one feels epoch undergoing away the violence. Also, it helps to understand what to do when such incidences happen. It also shows its effects and how they change ones life, thence, targeting those who profane their partners. This book is a very good example as it shows us that those who have already freed themselves from the marital abuses can educate others like the youth and couples about domestic violence so that they refrain from them.The stor ies are very encouraging for they give people motivation to solve their problems and also how one can escape this. They can be used by those specialists in maternal(p) guidance and counseling to help them shape their marriage when such incidences are reported to them and even beforehand couples get married. The ideas in this book can change those undergoing abuses to get out and look for a better marriage partner. One only needs to accept that he or she is undergoing domestic violence and therefore if it cannot solve one can boldly walk away and start life afresh. Marriage is not slavery, but its a path towards achieving your goals in life as one needs a partner who is willing to assist where possible so that they make all their dreams in life to happen. abuse Men The Hidden Side of Domestic Violence Cook, Philip W. Abused Men The Hidden Side of Domestic Violence. Westport Praeger, 2009. Print.Phillip exposes how men goes through domestic violence silently. He talks of how real i t is that men are going through domestic violence without the society suspecting. He brings several stories of men who have been undergoing through such violence from their wives for a long time. Then he goes further to give tips that can help one to find freedom from any appoint of abuse. He talks of resistance and acceptance for those who are abusing their spouses and how they make do to realize that each and every person deserves respect. He also talks of new great approaches that can be used to reduce domestic violence. He then gives survey statistics of domestic violence in Canada and also how the relationship changes between the offenders to their victims.The story is steadying in realizing what some men undergo. It gives statistics of domestic violence that people are not ready to discuss. The society is helped to recognize men who are undergoing domestic abuses from their spouses. The statistics helps people to know how long they have been living with their friends underg oing abuses without even realizing it. It talks of acceptance that can help those who are yet to accept their spouse the way they are. It is steadying for it shows how much men can be subjected to torture with use of dangerous cocks. Such tools include knives, machetes and any other type of a life-threatening tool or machine so that one can force their partner to follow their commands.Philips ideas can be used to know the men who are undergoing abuses from their wives and enable us to help them come out of the problem. Also, it encourages courage especially those who are not courageous enough to come out and tell their ordeal to the society. This book can help men to free themselves away from any form of abuse and intimidation from their partners. This book is crucial as it can be used to tell the extent in which men undergo violence in real life situations. Men can also use this book to help them evade any other form of domestic violence against them and therefore reducing the nu mber of men who die as a resultant role of domestic violence.Howard, Louise, Louise Howard, Gene Feder, and Roxane Agnew-Davies. Domestic Violence and Mental Health. capital of the United Kingdom RCPsych Publications, 2013. Print.This book has been written collectively by different authors who specialize in domestic violence ideas. It is about prevalence and physical health impacts of domestic violence. It talks about types of abuses in marriage such as physical abuse, sexual abuse, psychological abuse and coercive control and also it questions them and gives clues on their solution. It also tackles the effects of a persons psychology which is deeply affected even in the future that may not get them out of his mind. It stresses on the survival strategies to evade such abuses and also how one can control his or her mind to avoid damaging his or her psychology. In addition, it states the methods of interventions and responses people can take after or when you suspect any form of viol ence. Advice from professionals on domestic violence is also written down.This text has directives on what causes mental problems after abuse. It also gives us ways on how to control ourselves and maintain a state of calmness so as not disturb our stressed mind. It educates us on different forms of domestic violence. Different qualified professionals wrote it, and each field is headspring represented. It is an important text for it has the advices on domestic violence from professionals.The story in this book can help us to evade mental problems due to domestic abuses. It can also be used by psychiatrists to know what causes a certain mental disorder, and they can use the ideas here to enable their clients who are undergoing this problem to get out of it. It can also be used to educate couples so that when they are not in good terms to try to their best solve the problem before it gets out of hand. The advices written in this book can also apply in the same way to advice people esp ecially those undergoing domestic violence depending on the cause and the kind of violence.Kubany, Edward S, Mari A. McCaig, and Janet R. Laconsay. Healing the Trauma of Domestic Violence A Workbook for Women. Oakland New HarbingerThe book, Healing the Trauma of Domestic Violence A Workbook for Women, is directed to those who have been freed from domestic violence and especially women. Due to violent domestic situations, one may develop post-traumatic stress disorders which are not gentle to get out of ones mind and can negatively affect that person. It aims at giving programs known as cognitive trauma therapy which one undergoes to help him or her come back to normal. It gives the techniques one can use them to help himself or herself by identifying any form of trauma and distress. And by so doing it can enable one to deal with it to help control and change his or her life.This book is targeting those who have been affected by domestic violence so that they come back to normal for those who were traumatized. It is an educational tool for the society to understand the devastating effects of wife battering. Therefore, it makes us even to identify those who are going through post-traumatic stress. It contains technics, and procedures one can follow so that they make him deal any results brought by domestic violence. It is also helpful as it helps chase out any fears one has due to what they went through during that horrifying period of domestic violence.Psychiatrists can use this book to help traumatized people by helping them to come back to normal. The ideas here can help us even to identify those going through stress in their marriage so that they help before its too late. Parents who are not in good terms can use this book to read and understand what one may go through if such incidences happen. The techniques in this book about dealing with trauma after violence can be used by psychiatrists to help clients who underwent this ordeal. Therefore, they identif y what the form of trauma is, and this can help them to accordingly better their lives. It can also be used individually as one can remember well what went wrong in that marriage and helped them better their lives.ReferencesCook, Philip W. Abused Men The Hidden Side of Domestic Violence. Westport Praeger,2009. Print.Dutton, Donald G. Rethinking Domestic Violence. Vancouver UBC Press,2006. Print.Howard, Louise, Louise Howard, Gene Feder, and Roxane Agnew-Davies. Domestic Violence and Mental Health. London RCPsych Publications,2013. Print.Kubany, Edward S, Mari A. McCaig, and Janet R. Laconsay. Healing the Trauma of Domestic Violence A Workbook for Women. Oakland New HarbingerWeiss, Elaine. Surviving Domestic Violence Voices of Women Who Broke Free. Volcano Volcano Press,2004. Print.Source scroll

Reflection of Personal Art Therapy Experience as Facilitator

Reflection of Personal artwork Therapy Experience as FacilitatorBrett CartwrightDescriptionI necessitate chosen to do my condemnation on the Art Therapy Focusing model in which I facilitated a impact for my lymph gland, who for the purpose of confidentiality we will call Jemima. This session was conducted at the Phoenix work of Australia as a part of the learning model presented by my lecturer within the Art Therapy Module. During the setting up (Malchiodi 1998) the space unconscious process I went around finding an appropriate area and making sure there were sufficient items conducive of an Art Therapy session, such as pastels, paper, and markers, as well as a cabinet in the corner filled with Art Therapy supplies, should Jemima wish to use something different. Upon the completion of the setting up process, I quickly checked in with myself to experience I was capable of holding space for my client before walking into the waiting area to greet Jemima, inviting her to join me in the way of life. Once in the room I enquired close to(predicate) how she felt regarding the comfort of the space and offered her the opportunity to rearrange it in any way she saw fit, also pointing out that there were many a(prenominal) more art supplies in the corner cabinet. Jemima nodded and said Im actually quite happy with this making a bodily gesture toward the previously setup space. Now sitting, we began to talk about how her day was going so far and if there was anything specific she would like to focus on. Upon creating an intention for the session I suggested that we try an Art Therapy Focusing process and proceeded to explain what would be involved. We began by drawing her attention into her body, in search of a Felt sensation (Gendlin 1996) ultimately finding an image that had an emotional quality fitting to the intention we had set for the session. I then extended an invite to open her eyes and bring the image to concretised form on the paper, inviting her to open up a dialogue with me about the process if she saw fit at any time, which she acknowledged but declined. The break of the session was quite silent and required little more than my presence, unconditional positive regard (Rogers 1980) and holding of the space to facilitate. Jemima indicated when she had finished her image, at which time I asked her to close her eyes again, inviting her to bring her awareness hazard to the room and slowly drawing her out of the focusing process. At this point I asked her if she could share with me how the process was for her. I let Jemima know that the session was coming to a close, offering her the opportunity to express anything else that might call for come up for her during the process, and we closed the session. I then invited Jemima to give reflection on my performance as a therapist, took some notes, and the entire process was complete.FeelingsI felt quite comfortable entrance into this process as I am reasonably familiar and confi dent with the focusing process from both the Focuser and Companion perspectives. Also, I have worked with Jemima on a number of occasions and have developed a good amount of rapport with her, which makes for a productive and healthy therapeutic relationship. Having said that there were, and invariably are, a certain amount of nerves for me when stepping into the role of therapist, as I have recently discovered via an empty chair process that I have a dominant inner critic that has created really strong insecurities around professionalism. This was, however, coupled with intense feelings of excitement about acting out the entire process of a therapy session and the learning that comes from the experience. At the end of the session, as always, I found myself left with mixed feelings. I became highly stressed and critical about how I performed as the therapist, and some of the feedback I received from Jemima, again coupled with an element of excitement about having made it through the process without any major hiccups on my end.EvaluationAt the time I felt things went reasonably well for both the client, and myself. It seemed that the client had really managed to embody the Art Therapy Focusing process. The access in process (Purton 2004) was smooth and seemed to flow quite well as we slowly drew Jemimas awareness toward her inner-world, searching for a Felt Sense that eventually matched that of a Protector (as referenced in the Analysis section below). Throughout the creation of the artwork I made a few observations about certain things, such as the way Jemima smiled when the image of her protector came to her the movements and motions of her strokes on the paper which were reflected as being helpful for meaning making by the client and the pressure she seemed to apply to different areas of the page. The end of this session felt a bit rigid and clunky upon reflection, as I always seem to have some amount of trouble tying things off without interrupting the cl ients process.AnalysisUpon analysis of the session and the feedback given by the client, it would seem that it was a productively therapeutic session that helped the client in clearing space (Gendlin 1996) and creating a safe space using an image of a protector as tools created by Judith Herman and described by Rappaport (1998), which the client can now refer to in consecutive sessions to help return to that feeling of safety, if the client resonates strongly with that image. There was the calamity for a couple of intersubjective responses, as I had a couple of images with protective qualities come up for me when I was witnessing the clients process unfold, which I held back due to some nervousness around projection and interpretation as I did not want to influence the clients process in any way.ConclusionIn Conclusion, upon reflection of the content of the session from both my perspective and the feedback given, I realise that there is a level of incongruence, and slight lose of unconditional positive regard in not sharing my intersubjective responses with the client. Thus putting distance between myself and the client, and in turn creating a lack of attunement. As a final note, there is very little I would change about the process apart from exercising more congruence and working on developing better skills around closing the session.ReferencesMalchiodi, C.A. (1998). Setting up Drawing on Environment and Materials. The Art Therapy Sourcebook Art Making for Personal Growth, Insight, and Transformation. (p.79 102)Rappaport, L. (1998). Focusing And Art Therapy Tools for Working Through Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Focusing Folio, Vol. 17 (1), (p.2-3)Gendlin, E.T. (1996). Focusing-Oriented Psychotherapy A Manual of the Experiential Method. New York Guildford Press. (p.57-58)Purton, C. (2004). Focusing as a Taught Procedure. Person-Centred Therapy The Focusing-Oriented Approach. United nation Palgrave MacMillan. (p.90)Rogers. C. R. (1980). Characteristics of the Person-Centred Approach. A Way of Being. Boston Houghton Mifflin. (p.115-116)

What is penal welfarism? Garlands theory.

What is penal welfarism? salmagundis theory.What is penal welfarism? Evaluate the impact it has had on new-fangled legal expert reform in the UK from the beginning of the twentieth century to the gratuity.In order to evaluate the impact of penal welfarism upon juvenile justice reform, the judgment will be defined with reference to Garland (2001). The contributing societal factors to the effect of penal welfarism in juvenile justice reform will then be assessed. The practical and legal achievements of penal welfarism in the juvenile justice formation will be identified. Ch solelyenges to penal welfarism will be outlined, with particular reference to alternate conceptions of youth justice and criminality. The demise of the penal welfarism approach will be assessed, with specific reference to the motivating societal factors and comparison between the Welsh, English and Scottish juvenile justice systems.Penal welfarism as defined by Garland (2001) as a structural response to crim e that is composed of two ideological standpoints. Due process and proportionate punishment, with their inherent liberal ideologies, ensure that all the rights of the juvenile offender are respected. The punishment is fitting to the crime and the circumstances of the juvenile offender. Rehabilitation and offender welfare are approached from a correctionalist viewpoint. This entails that the punishment lotd by the offender maintains a centre upon the rehabilitation of the offender, as does the approach of professionals who work with the offender during the punishment period. In short, penal welfarism suggests that rehabilitation will be just about efficacious if the offender is provided with positive motivation while in the alarmfulness of the penal reform system. The logic behind the practice is that if the offender is provided with the opportunity to gain ground in the penal institution, they will wish to continue to do so when terminationd back into society.The notion of penal welfarism is derived from applying the practicalities of the welfarism ideology to the penal system. The welfarism concept asserts that policy requires paygrade in terms of its consequences (Kaplow Shavell, 2002). This assessment is most frequently made using a utilitarian approach, i.e. the usefulness of the approach in question. The logical application of this concept to the penal system dictates that policy regarding offender treatment should be assessed in terms of offender rehabilitation, i.e. the offender will not repeatedly offend upon release and as a result society will be safer. The focus is upon the usefulness of the punishment, i.e. its resulting benefit to society and improvement of personal conditions. Therefore penal welfarism maintains a focus on respecting the rights of the person and maintaining a rehabilitative approach as this is deemed to be the most beneficial approach for both the offender and for society.The formation and application of penal welfar ism to juvenile justice reform is interrelated with the emergence of a welfare call down at the turn of the 20th century (Garland, 2002). The welfare state was implemented by the Liberal government in order to meet demands to negate social insecurity while protecting free trade and a capitalistic economy (Daunton, 2007). The emergence of free trade had resulted in increased unemployment and harsher social conditions for those at the lower end of the pay spectrum. However, free trade and capitalist economy were deemed as models that required protection. Therefore pensions, health services and other such welfare services were centralized and nationalized to ensure that these individuals would be protected in the capitalist state. Garland (2002) identifies these welfare systems as being rooted in ideologies of protection and integration, so that even the most disadvantaged members of society are protected by the welfare state. Out of this ideology was born penal welfarism for juvenile justice. As these social and economical reforms based taxation upon the basis of the individual workers rather than accord to the class system (Leonard, 2003), each member of society was treated upon the basis of individual circumstance, in theory dispelling the class system. Therefore, within the penal system for juvenile justice, individualism arose where the rights and rehabilitation of each offender was considered. The main legal and practical development in respect to penal welfarism was the separation of individuals under the age of 21 from adults in the justice system. In light of the requirement to individualize and respect the rights of each juvenile offender, juvenile courts were officially established by the Children mold 1908 (Goldson Muncie, 2008). In addition to this, corrective Borstals were created for juveniles under the age of 21. Individuals could be sentenced to a period in such an institution for between whizz and three years. It was considered that these i nstitutions were to focus on rehabilitation of the juvenile, and the training of the juvenile to be re-integrated with society upon their release (Muncie, 2006). The role of the juvenile justice system was further defined by the Children and Young Persons Act 1933 (Ikin, 1933). This Act entailed the reorganization of reform schools so that they provided education to offenders and training so that they may find employment upon completion of their sentence. Furthermore capital punishment for whatsoever offender below the age of 18 was abolished by the Act. Issues of anonymity were also covered (Ikin, 1933). The media were and are able to report the name of an adult offender if it was deemed to serve public interests. However, the identity of juvenile offenders was protected by the law.The penal welfarism approach to juvenile justice was criticized on both economical and ideological grounds. Economically, this system, and the welfare system in general, was criticized as being born out of fear of free trade and the emergence of corporations as the dominant financial players in society (Platt, 2002). change magnitude spending on the welfare system and individualist taxation were contributing factors to this. Ideologically, the concept has been challenged with reference to the societal conception of crime reformation and with reference to the individual in the system. In terms of the latter, it is the goal of reformation that is problematic. For example, Hudson (2002) outlines institutional sexism that was apparent in the penal welfarism definitions of rehabilitation. Discrepancies in the social moral code that must be adhered to by males and females highlighted unfairness in the treatment of females in this system. While rehabilitation of the male juvenile offender focused on the criminal act, female rehabilitation focused much more strongly on personal and sexual behaviour within society. In terms of societal conceptions of crime, it has been argued that viewing the juvenile as on a linear path through deviance (diversion) may be more effective in terms of negating re-offending (Austin Krisberg, 2002). Furthermore, re-defining what is considered a criminal act, for example, the redefinition of medicine use as a social as opposed to a criminal problem may result in a more effective approach to the problem in comparison to penal welfarism (Austin Krisberg, 2002). After a period of a Labour government working to enhance the ideology of care for the juvenile offender in the 1960s the penal welfarism approach began to decline when the Conservatives came to power in the 1970 General Election (Smith, 2007). It was considered that the legal and welfare aspects had become disjointed, and the focus began to grow upon the judicial proceedings of the system. This is evident by the significant increase in the number of juveniles receiving custodial sentences in the 1970s (Rutter Giller, 1983). The ideology increasingly contract onto punishment an d control (Geisthorpe Morris, 2002) throughout the 1980s, especially in England and Wales. The issue of juvenile crime was focused onto the victims, with the criminals perpetrated as depraved (Jones, 1994). Echoes of this can be seen in present day society where hooded teenagers are feared by adult society (for an example of this see MacLean, 2008). Importantly, the Criminal Justice Act 1991 brought in a separation of systems, one to deal with juveniles requiring judicial attention, and one for those in need of welfare provision (Geisthorpe Morris, 2002). While England and Wales fully segregated these two systems, Scottish practices of juvenile justice policies keep a higher level of communication between the two approaches. However, societal moral panics regarding serious youth crime and repeat offending has created a fear that juvenile offenders are not aware of the impact of their actions (Jones, 1994). This could possibly be related to the breakdown of community. These concer ns have paved the way for a juvenile justice ideology that is based upon restorative justice as set out by the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999 (Geisthorpe Morris, 2002).Penal welfarism refers to a system that presents positive motivations for juvenile offenders to develop while in the penal system. The concept arose with the birth of the welfare state. Penal welfarism resulted in the segregation of juveniles from adults in the judicial process, the eradication of capital punishment for juveniles and anonymity of juvenile offenders from the media. As a concept, it was challenged for the welfare states impact upon free trade. It was also challenged by its image of the juvenile offender diversion and decriminalisation were offered as alternate ideologies. The concept demised with the segregation of welfare and judicial proceedings for adolescents. Societal factors for this include a fear of the juvenile offender. This has led to a focus on restorative justice which is im plemented in juvenile reform today.ReferencesAustin, J., Krisberg, B. (2002). Wider, stronger and different nets the dialects of criminal justice reform. In J. Muncie, G., Hughes E. McLaughlin (Eds.), Youth Justice Critical Readings, capital of the United Kingdom intelligent Publications Ltd.Daunton, M. (2007). Wealth and Welfare An Economic and Social History of Britain 1851-1951). Oxford Oxford University Press.Garland, D. (2001). The Culture of Control Crime and Social disposition in Contemporary Society. Chicago University of Chicago Press.Garland, D. (2002). Penal strategies in a welfare state. In J. Muncie, G., Hughes E. McLaughlin (Eds.), Youth Justice Critical Readings, London Sage Publications Ltd.Geisthorpe, L., Morris, A. (2002). pop Youth Justice the last vestiges of welfare? In J. Muncie, G., Hughes E. McLaughlin (Eds.), Youth Justice Critical Readings, London Sage Publications Ltd. Goldson, B., Muncie, J. (2008). Youth Crime and Juvenile Justice. London Sage P ublications Ltd.Hudson, A. (2002). Troublesome girls Towards alternative definitions and policies. In J. Muncie, G., Hughes E. McLaughlin (Eds.), Youth Justice Critical Readings, London Sage Publications Ltd.Ikin, A.E. (1933). Children and Young Persons Act, 1933 Being the Text of the Statute together with Explanatory Notes. London Sir I. Pitman and Sons.Jones, M. (1994). Images and reality Juvenile crime, youth violence and public policy. London National Council on Crime and Delinquency.Kaplow, L., Shavell, S. (2002). Fairness versus Welfare.Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press.Leonard, M. (2003). Promoting Welfare? Government cultivation Policy and Social Citizenship. Bristol Policy Press.MacLean, D. (2008). New hoodies are a yobs dream. The Shields Gazette, 9th August.Muncie, J. (2006). From Borstal to YOI. In Y. Jewkes H. Johnston (Eds.) Prison Readings. Devon Willan Publishing.Platt, A. (2002). The triumph of benevolence the origins of the juvenile system in the United St ates. In J. Muncie, G., Hughes E. McLaughlin (Eds.), Youth Justice Critical Readings, London Sage Publications Ltd.Rutter, M., Giller, H. (1983). Juvenile Delinquency Trends and Perspectives. New York Guilford Publications.Smith, R. (2007). Youth Justice Ideas, Policy, Practice. Devon Willan Publishing.